GIUSEPPE PANTALEO
- Type
- Persona
(Classe)
- Persona
- Label
- GIUSEPPE PANTALEO (literal)
- GIUSEPPE PANTALEO (literal)
- Http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs
- GIUSEPPE PANTALEO (Unità di personale esterno)
- Subject
- Chemical kinetics
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical processes
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Catalysis
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical reactions
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical kinetics
- Persona in rapporto
- Rapporto con CNR di ING. GIUSEPPE PANTALEO (Rapporto con CNR)
- Autore CNR di
- Combined CO/CH4 oxidation tests over Pd/Co3O4 monolitic catalyst: effects of high reaction temperature and SO2 exposure on the deactivation process (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co3O4/CeO2 composite oxides for methane emissions abatement: relationship between Co3O4-CeO2 interaction and catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Effect of Ti (IV) loading on CO oxidation activity of gold on titania doped silica (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Thermogravimetric investigation of sol-gel microspheres doped with aqueous glycerol (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Supported Au catalysts for low-temperature abatement of propene and toluene, as model VOCs: Support effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Mesoporrous SBA-15 silica modified with cerium oxide: effect of ceria loading on support modification (Curatela) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Gold catalyst supported on CeO2 and CeO2-Al2O3 foe NOx reduction by CO (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Direct synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone in gas-phase reaction over palladium-loaded hydroxyapatite (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co3O4/CeO2 and CeO2-ZrO2 composite catalysts for methane combustion: correlation between morphology reduction properties and catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co/SiO2 catalysts for Fisher-Trpsch synthesis; effect of Co loading and supporto modification by TiO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Chemical-physical properties of spinel CoMn2O4 nano-powders and catalytic activity in the 2-propanol and toulene combustion: effect of the preparation method (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Ni-Based Catalysts for Low Temperature Methane Steam Reforming: Recent Results on Ni-Au and Comparison with Other Bi-Metallic Systems (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Structural and morphological investigation of Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 oxides synthesized by sol-gel method: Influence of calcination and redox treatments (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Combined sulfating and non-sulfating support to prevent water and sulfur poisoning of Pd catalysts for methane combustion (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Au/CeO2-SBA-15 catalysts for CO oxidation: effect of ceria loading on physic-chemical properties and catalytic performances (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Supported Co3O4/CeO2 monoliths: effect of preparation method and Pd-Pt promotion on the CO/CH4 oxidation activity (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio)) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1201)
- Combined effect of noble metals (Pd, Au) and support properties on HDS activity of Co/SiO2 catalysts (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Oxidation of CH4 over Pd supported on TiO2-doped SiO2: Effect of Ti(IV) loading and influence of SO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Nano-structured gold catalysts supported on CeO2-Al2O3 for NOx reduction by Co: effect of catalyst pretreatment and feed composition (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Pd(1wt%)/LaMn0.4Fe0.6O3 Catalysts Supported Over Silica SBA-15: Effect of Perovskite Loading and Support Morphology on Methane OxidationActivity and SO2 Tolerance (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Bi- and trimetallic Ni catalysts over Al2O3 and Al2O3-MOx (M = Ce or Mg) oxides for methane dry reforming: Au and Pt additive effects (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Synthesis and support composition effects on CH 4 partial oxidation over Ni-CeLa oxides (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Oxidative degradation properties of Co-based catalysts in the presence of ozone (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Time resolved X-ray Powder Diffraction on a THree Way Catalyst at the GILDA beamline (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Catalytic performances of Co3O4/CeO2 and Co3O4/CeO2-ZrO2Composite oxides for methane combustion: influence of catalyst pretreatment temperature and oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Honeycomb supported Co3O4/CeO2 catalysts for CO/CH4 emissions abatement: effect of low Pd-Pt content on the catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Mesoporous silica based gold catalysts: novel synthesis and applications in catalytic CO and VOCs oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Pd and PdAu on mesoporous silica for methane oxidation: effect of SO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co3O4 nanocrystals and Co3O4-MOx binary oxides for CO, CH4 and VOC oxidation at low temperatures: a review (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Co3O4-based catalysts for CO and hydrocarbon oxidation: influence of che preparation methods and chemical composition on structural and reactivity properties (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Preferential oxidation of CO in H2 rich stream (PROX) over gold catalysts supported on doped ceria: effect of water and CO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Supported Au catalysts for propene total oxidation: study of support morphology and gold particle size effects (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Effect of Ti(IV) loading on CH(4) oxidation activity and SO(2) tolerance of Pd catalysts supported on silicia SBA-15 and HMS (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- CoOx catalysts supported on alumina and alumina-baria: influence of the support on the cobalt species and their activity in NO reduction by C3H6 in lean conditions (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Novel transformations amongst mesostructured VPO phases synthesised through surfacant assisted organization from an exfoliated solution of VOPO4.2H20 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Preferential oxidation of CO in H2 rich stream (PROX) over gold catalysts supported on doped ceria: effect of preparation method and nature of dopant (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Activity of SiO2 supported gold palladium catalysts in CO oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Synthesis of CeO2, ZrO2, Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and TiO2 nanoparticles by a novel oil-in-water microemulsion reaction method and their use as catalyst support for CO oxidaction (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Supported gold catalysts for CO oxidation and preferential oxidation of CO in H-2 stream: Support effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Gold Catalysis in Southern Italy (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- In situ FT- IR investigation of the reduction of NO with COover Au/ CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts in the presence and absence of H2 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- NO reduction by CO over gold based on ceria,doped by rare earth metals (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Alumina supported Pt(1%)/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 monolith: remarkable stabilization of ceria-zirconia solution towards CeAlO3 formation operated by Pt under redox conditions (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- A comparative study of differently prepared rare earths modified ceria-supported gold catalysts for preferential oxidation of CO, (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Insights into SO2 Interaction with Pd/Co3O4CeO2 Catalysts for Methane Oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Support effect on the structure and CO oxidation activity of Cu-Cr mixed oxides over Al2O3 and SiO2 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Support effect of the catalytic performance of Au/Co3O4-CeO2 catalysts for CO and CH4 oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Total oxidation of propene at low temperature over Co3O4-CeO2 mixed oxides: role of surface oxygen vacancies and bulk oxygen mobility in the catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Pd promoted Co3O4 catalyst for CH4 emissions abatement: study of SO2 poisoning effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- A structural insight into sol-gel microencapsulated curing agents (Abstract/Poster in convegno) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- NO reduction by CO in the presence of water over gold supported catalysts on CeO2-Al2O3 mixed support, prepared by mechanochemical activation (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Coautore
- ALESSANDRO LONGO (Persona)
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- ROSARIA CIRIMINNA (Persona)
- GIULIO DEGANELLO (Persona)
- MARIO PAGLIARO (Persona)
- LEONARDA FRANCESCA LIOTTA (Persona)
- ANNA MARIA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- GABRIELLA DI CARLO (Unità di personale interno)
- Fabrizio Puleo (Unità di personale esterno)
- FRANCESCA DEGANELLO (Unità di personale interno)
- Gabriella Di Carlo (Unità di personale esterno)
- VALERIA LA PAROLA (Unità di personale interno)
- STEFANO CIMINO (Persona)
- Nome
- GIUSEPPE (literal)
- Cognome
- PANTALEO (literal)
- Afferisce a
- Institute of nanostructured materials (ISMN) (Istituto)
- Ha pubblicazioni con
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- LEONARDA FRANCESCA LIOTTA (Persona)
- FRANCESCA DEGANELLO (Unità di personale interno)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/persone.owl#argomentoDiRicercaSimile
- MATTEO GUIDOTTI (Persona)
- ALESSANDRO GALLO (Unità di personale interno)
- GIOVANNI VITULLI (Persona)
- ADRIANA DE STEFANIS (Unità di personale interno)
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- VLADIMIRO DAL SANTO (Persona)
- PASQUALE PATRONO (Unità di personale interno)
- FULVIA PINZARI (Unità di personale interno)
- FEDERICA ZACCHERIA (Unità di personale interno)
- SIMONETTA MONETI (Persona)
- GIULIO DEGANELLO (Persona)
- LAURA SORDELLI (Persona)
Incoming links:
- Coautore
- GABRIELLA DI CARLO (Unità di personale interno)
- MARIO PAGLIARO (Persona)
- STEFANO CIMINO (Persona)
- LEONARDA FRANCESCA LIOTTA (Persona)
- Gabriella Di Carlo (Unità di personale esterno)
- GIULIO DEGANELLO (Persona)
- FRANCESCA DEGANELLO (Unità di personale interno)
- ANNA MARIA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- ROSARIA CIRIMINNA (Persona)
- VALERIA LA PAROLA (Unità di personale interno)
- ALESSANDRO LONGO (Persona)
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- Fabrizio Puleo (Unità di personale esterno)
- Http://www.cnr.it/ontology/persone.owl#argomentoDiRicercaSimile
- GIOVANNI VITULLI (Persona)
- FEDERICA ZACCHERIA (Unità di personale interno)
- SIMONETTA MONETI (Persona)
- FULVIA PINZARI (Unità di personale interno)
- LAURA SORDELLI (Persona)
- VLADIMIRO DAL SANTO (Persona)
- MATTEO GUIDOTTI (Persona)
- PASQUALE PATRONO (Unità di personale interno)
- GIULIO DEGANELLO (Persona)
- ADRIANA DE STEFANIS (Unità di personale interno)
- ALESSANDRO GALLO (Unità di personale interno)
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- Ha afferente
- Institute of nanostructured materials (ISMN) (Istituto)
- Ha pubblicazioni con
- LEONARDA FRANCESCA LIOTTA (Persona)
- FRANCESCA DEGANELLO (Unità di personale interno)
- ANNA VENEZIA (Unità di personale interno)
- Rapporto con persona
- Rapporto con CNR di ING. GIUSEPPE PANTALEO (Rapporto con CNR)
- Autore CNR
- CoOx catalysts supported on alumina and alumina-baria: influence of the support on the cobalt species and their activity in NO reduction by C3H6 in lean conditions (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Pd and PdAu on mesoporous silica for methane oxidation: effect of SO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Catalytic performances of Co3O4/CeO2 and Co3O4/CeO2-ZrO2Composite oxides for methane combustion: influence of catalyst pretreatment temperature and oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Honeycomb supported Co3O4/CeO2 catalysts for CO/CH4 emissions abatement: effect of low Pd-Pt content on the catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Oxidative degradation properties of Co-based catalysts in the presence of ozone (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Nano-structured gold catalysts supported on CeO2-Al2O3 for NOx reduction by Co: effect of catalyst pretreatment and feed composition (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Combined effect of noble metals (Pd, Au) and support properties on HDS activity of Co/SiO2 catalysts (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Oxidation of CH4 over Pd supported on TiO2-doped SiO2: Effect of Ti(IV) loading and influence of SO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Combined sulfating and non-sulfating support to prevent water and sulfur poisoning of Pd catalysts for methane combustion (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Chemical-physical properties of spinel CoMn2O4 nano-powders and catalytic activity in the 2-propanol and toulene combustion: effect of the preparation method (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Activity of SiO2 supported gold palladium catalysts in CO oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co3O4/CeO2 composite oxides for methane emissions abatement: relationship between Co3O4-CeO2 interaction and catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Effect of Ti (IV) loading on CO oxidation activity of gold on titania doped silica (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Pd promoted Co3O4 catalyst for CH4 emissions abatement: study of SO2 poisoning effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- NO reduction by CO over gold based on ceria,doped by rare earth metals (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- In situ FT- IR investigation of the reduction of NO with COover Au/ CeO2-Al2O3 catalysts in the presence and absence of H2 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Gold Catalysis in Southern Italy (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Effect of Ti(IV) loading on CH(4) oxidation activity and SO(2) tolerance of Pd catalysts supported on silicia SBA-15 and HMS (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Supported Au catalysts for propene total oxidation: study of support morphology and gold particle size effects (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Preferential oxidation of CO in H2 rich stream (PROX) over gold catalysts supported on doped ceria: effect of water and CO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Time resolved X-ray Powder Diffraction on a THree Way Catalyst at the GILDA beamline (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Direct synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone in gas-phase reaction over palladium-loaded hydroxyapatite (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Co3O4/CeO2 and CeO2-ZrO2 composite catalysts for methane combustion: correlation between morphology reduction properties and catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Gold catalyst supported on CeO2 and CeO2-Al2O3 foe NOx reduction by CO (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Combined CO/CH4 oxidation tests over Pd/Co3O4 monolitic catalyst: effects of high reaction temperature and SO2 exposure on the deactivation process (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- NO reduction by CO in the presence of water over gold supported catalysts on CeO2-Al2O3 mixed support, prepared by mechanochemical activation (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Total oxidation of propene at low temperature over Co3O4-CeO2 mixed oxides: role of surface oxygen vacancies and bulk oxygen mobility in the catalytic activity (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Support effect of the catalytic performance of Au/Co3O4-CeO2 catalysts for CO and CH4 oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Support effect on the structure and CO oxidation activity of Cu-Cr mixed oxides over Al2O3 and SiO2 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- A comparative study of differently prepared rare earths modified ceria-supported gold catalysts for preferential oxidation of CO, (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Insights into SO2 Interaction with Pd/Co3O4CeO2 Catalysts for Methane Oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Alumina supported Pt(1%)/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 monolith: remarkable stabilization of ceria-zirconia solution towards CeAlO3 formation operated by Pt under redox conditions (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Supported gold catalysts for CO oxidation and preferential oxidation of CO in H-2 stream: Support effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Synthesis of CeO2, ZrO2, Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and TiO2 nanoparticles by a novel oil-in-water microemulsion reaction method and their use as catalyst support for CO oxidaction (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Preferential oxidation of CO in H2 rich stream (PROX) over gold catalysts supported on doped ceria: effect of preparation method and nature of dopant (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Novel transformations amongst mesostructured VPO phases synthesised through surfacant assisted organization from an exfoliated solution of VOPO4.2H20 (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Co3O4-based catalysts for CO and hydrocarbon oxidation: influence of che preparation methods and chemical composition on structural and reactivity properties (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Supported Co3O4/CeO2 monoliths: effect of preparation method and Pd-Pt promotion on the CO/CH4 oxidation activity (Contributo in volume (capitolo o saggio)) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1201)
- Mesoporrous SBA-15 silica modified with cerium oxide: effect of ceria loading on support modification (Curatela) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Pd(1wt%)/LaMn0.4Fe0.6O3 Catalysts Supported Over Silica SBA-15: Effect of Perovskite Loading and Support Morphology on Methane OxidationActivity and SO2 Tolerance (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Supported Au catalysts for low-temperature abatement of propene and toluene, as model VOCs: Support effect (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Co/SiO2 catalysts for Fisher-Trpsch synthesis; effect of Co loading and supporto modification by TiO2 (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Au/CeO2-SBA-15 catalysts for CO oxidation: effect of ceria loading on physic-chemical properties and catalytic performances (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Structural and morphological investigation of Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 oxides synthesized by sol-gel method: Influence of calcination and redox treatments (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- A structural insight into sol-gel microencapsulated curing agents (Abstract/Poster in convegno) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Co3O4 nanocrystals and Co3O4-MOx binary oxides for CO, CH4 and VOC oxidation at low temperatures: a review (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Thermogravimetric investigation of sol-gel microspheres doped with aqueous glycerol (Articolo in rivista) (http://www.cnr.it/ontology/cnr/individuo/prodotto/TIPO1101)
- Ni-Based Catalysts for Low Temperature Methane Steam Reforming: Recent Results on Ni-Au and Comparison with Other Bi-Metallic Systems (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Mesoporous silica based gold catalysts: novel synthesis and applications in catalytic CO and VOCs oxidation (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Bi- and trimetallic Ni catalysts over Al2O3 and Al2O3-MOx (M = Ce or Mg) oxides for methane dry reforming: Au and Pt additive effects (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Synthesis and support composition effects on CH 4 partial oxidation over Ni-CeLa oxides (Articolo in rivista) (Prodotto della ricerca)
- Http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#isSubjectOf
- Chemical processes
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical kinetics
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical reactions
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Catalysis
(Categoria DBpedia)
- Chemical processes